Avoiding multiphoton artifacts

Avoiding and controlling double transformation artifacts.

This article describes a set of standard control experiments for the authentication of new protein variants isolated through library selection and site-directed mutagenesis. These controls are specifically designed to rule out artifacts derived from 'double transformants' -- i.e. cells transformed with, or infected by, two different plasmids simultaneously. These seem to have been the source of...

Recognizing and avoiding artifacts in AFM imaging.

Avoiding electromagnetic artifacts when recording auditory steady-state responses.

Electromagnetic artifacts can occur when recording multiple auditory steady-state responses evoked by sinusoidally amplitude modulated (SAM) stimuli. High-intensity air-conducted stimuli evoked responses even when hearing was prevented by masking. Additionally, high-intensity bone-conducted stimuli evoked responses that were completely different from those evoked by air-conducted stimuli of sim...

Avoiding drying-artifacts in transmission electron microscopy: Characterizing the size and colloidal state of nanoparticles

Standard transmission electron microscopy nanoparticle sample preparation generally requires the complete removal of the suspending liquid. Drying often introduces artifacts, which can obscure the state of the dispersion prior to drying and preclude automated image analysis typically used to obtain number-weighted particle size distribution. Here we present a straightforward protocol for preven...

Avoiding monocular artifacts in clinical stereotests presented on column-interleaved digital stereoscopic displays

New forms of stereoscopic 3-D technology offer vision scientists new opportunities for research, but also come with distinct problems. Here we consider autostereo displays where the two eyes' images are spatially interleaved in alternating columns of pixels and no glasses or special optics are required. Column-interleaved displays produce an excellent stereoscopic effect, but subtle changes in ...